Thermo-optical bistability in silicon micro-cantilevers

Basile Pottier and Ludovic Bellon, SciPost Phys. 10, 120 (2021)

[Article] doi: 10.21468/SciPostPhys.10.5.120
[Data set] doi: 10.5281/zenodo.4703793

We report a thermo-optical bistability observed in silicon micro-cantilevers irradiated by a laser beam with mW powers: reflectivity, transmissivity, absorption, and temperature can change by a factor of two between two stable states for the same input power. The temperature dependency of the absorption at the origin of the bistability results from interferences between internal reflections in the cantilever thickness, acting as a lossy Fabry-Pérot cavity. A theoretical model describing the thermo-optical coupling is presented. The experimental results obtained for silicon cantilevers irradiated in vacuum at two different visible wavelengths are in quantitative agreement with the predictions of this model.

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Resonance frequency shift of silicon cantilevers heated from 300 K up to the melting point

Basile Pottier, Felipe Aguilar, Mickaël Geitner, Francisco Melo, Ludovic Bellon, Journal of Applied Physics 129, 184503 (2021) – Editor’s Pick

[Article] doi: 10.1063/5.0040733
[Data set] doi: 10.5281/zenodo.4629591

When heated, micro-resonators present a shift of their resonance frequencies. We study specifically silicon cantilevers heated locally by laser absorption, and evaluate theoretically and experimentally their temperature profile and its interplay with the mechanical resonances. We include both elasticity and geometry temperature dependency, showing that the latter can account for 20% of the observed shift for the first flexural mode. The temperature profile description takes into account thermal clamping conditions, radiation at high temperature, and lower conductivity than bulk silicon due to phonon confinement. Thanks to a space-power equivalence in the heat equation, scanning the heating point along the cantilever directly reveals the temperature profile. Finally, frequency shift measurement can be used to infer the temperature field with a few percent precision.

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Information and thermodynamics: fast and precise approach to Landauer’s bound in an underdamped micro-mechanical oscillator

 Salambô Dago, Jorge Pereda, Nicolas Barros, Sergio Ciliberto, and
 Ludovic Bellon, Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 170601 (2021)

[Article] doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.126.170601
[Data set] doi:10.5281/zenodo.4626559

The Landauer principle states that at least kBT ln 2 of energy is required to erase a 1-bit memory, with kBT the thermal energy of the system. We study the effects of inertia on this bound using as one-bit memory an underdamped micro-mechanical oscillator confined in a double-well potential created by a feedback loop. The potential barrier is precisely tunable in the few kBT range. We measure, within the stochastic thermodynamic framework, the work and the heat of the erasure protocol. We demonstrate experimentally and theoretically that, in this underdamped system, the Landauer bound is reached with a 1 % uncertainty, with protocols as short as 100 ms.

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The left panel displays the position of the wells and of the threshold between them as a function of time, with two experimental trajectories superposed. The right panel shows the trajectories as small dots moving inside the potential while the information (their initial position) is erased.

Engineered Swift Equilibration of brownian particles: consequences of hydrodynamic coupling

S. Dago, B. Besga , R. Mothe, D. Guéry-Odelin, E. Trizac , A. Petrosyan, L. Bellon, S. Ciliberto, SciPost Phys. 9, 064 (2020)

[Article] doi: 10.21468/SciPostPhys.9.5.064
[Data set] doi:10.5281/zenodo.4242922

We present a detailed theoretical and experimental analysis of Engineered Swift Equilibration (ESE) protocols applied to two hydrodynamically coupled colloids in optical traps. The second particle disturbs slightly (10% at most) the response to an ESE compression applied to a single particle. This effect is quantitatively explained by a model of hydrodynamic coupling. Then we design a coupled ESE protocol for the two particles, allowing the perfect control of one target particle while the second is enslaved to the first. The calibration errors and the limitations of the model are finally discussed in detail.

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